The world as we have created it is a process of our thinking. It cannot be changed without changing our thinking. - Albert Einstein
“Why do you always have to comment on everything?” This is Ivan, my bonus son, aged around 12. We’re on holiday and my wife and I are providing a running commentary on everything we pass in our hire car. It’s a good point. Why do we have to comment on everything? Some years later here we are on holiday again, driving around the south of Sweden, “It’s a good job Ivan’s not here”, I say as we continue our running commentary and critique of everything we see. In Buddhism this tendency to continually comment on life has a name, it’s prapanca, and it’s the theme of the Dharma Bundle for the next three months.Like many Sanskrit words prapanca has a few different translations into English, it’s generally known as conceptual proliferation, where one thought leads to another, perhaps you’ve experienced it yourself? I liked this trio of translations - proliferation, complication and distortion, each gives a different flavour. ProliferationProliferation is a rapid multiplication, in this case of thoughts. When we slow things down we can see how proliferation gets started. There’s direct sense perception, we see colour, shape, form. We then recognise it as a building, a cafe, a bicycle. At this stage it is all very simple and harmless (the skandhas). But then thinking kicks in (vitakka and vicāra). “Do you think it’s safe to ride a bike on these roads?” I ask as we are driving around the south of Sweden. “Maybe we should get one of those bikes we saw in Christiana, with the box on the front. One of those plus an ordinary bike. Or an electric bike. I wonder what happened to my old bike, is it still in the bike room? Funny how they didn’t wear helmets in Copenhagen, it’s like that in Amsterdam, seems crazy. We’d need to buy a car that the bikes could fit in so we could take them to the coast. Have you noticed that you see a lot more Berlingos and Caddy type cars down here than you do in Stockholm? They must be country cars, farmer’s cars. Maybe it’s better to buy a car down here, when we get here?” Prapanca, a stream of associations, memories, likes, dislikes, opinions and speculations. ComplicationComplication points to what happens as soon as we start to stray from the facts. I once lived in a community where we ate dinner together every night. One night we decided we’d each come up with the kind of dinner talk we least enjoyed. I don’t remember them all but I know one person wasn’t fond of ‘celebrity gossip’ and another didn’t like to talk about the food we were eating and how it was made. Mine was speculation. “Where’s Jane, I thought she was arriving today?” That dinner time nobody knew where Jane was, she was supposed to have arrived but hadn’t. That should have been the end of the conversation, but no! Half an hour later we are still taking about what might have happened to Jane. It is literally a waste of time. We simply didn’t know where she was. It may sound boring but the facts are a wonderful thing. Sticking to the facts cuts through speculation and complication. And the facts are a refuge from any tendency to catastrophise. DistortionDistortion comes in when we only focus on certain things and not others, it distorts our view of life. We tend to focus on problems, on open loops, on things that need to be solved. We seem wired this way, it’s what accounts for our love of puzzle books and crime dramas. But in any moment there is so much that is completely fine. Why not lie awake at night thinking about the things that are fine? Another way we distort life is through self-referential thinking. Again we are hard wired to experience ourselves as the centre of the universe. Everything that happens is happening in relation to us. It’s happening to us, or not happening to us. It’s going our way, or not going our way. In this view of the world there can only ever be one person at the centre, therefore there’s an inherent loneliness to it, a sense of isolation from everything that revolves around us.
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